   GNU.      
,    .

        
Unix-,      ,  ,
   .

,       ::

  [ basename cat chgrp chmod chown chroot cksum comm cp csplit cut date dd
  df dir dircolors dirname du echo env expand expr factor false fmt fold
  ginstall groups head hostid hostname id join kill link ln logname ls
  md5sum mkdir mkfifo mknod mv nice nl nohup od paste pathchk pinky pr
  printenv printf ptx pwd readlink rm rmdir seq sha1sum shred sleep sort
  split stat stty su sum sync tac tail tee test touch tr true tsort tty
  uname unexpand uniq unlink uptime users vdir wc who whoami yes

  NEWS,        .

  INSTALL,       .

     POSIX ( BSD  
),     GNU.    
    POSIX (1003.2-1992),   
   "head -10"  "chown owner.group file".   
  ,       
_POSIX2_VERSION   <unistd.h>,        
     " ".

 ls, dir,  vdir -    
 ,   argv[0],     
,    gls, gnuls, l,  .   
     ,      
 ,        .

   ,  ,  ,  ,
            
.     ,       
 .       ChangeLog.

   ,     
     :  ,
 ,  ,  ,  ,
 . , . . ,  ,  . . ,
 ,  .

        
  Debian unstable,    ,  
 ,     .

,       
    --help.     
(man/*.x) .      Textinfo 
   doc.

      SunOS4.1.4, , ,  ctime-
ls `time-1' ģ  .   ,    
 Sun,   link(2)  chmod(2).


***************************
  HPUX 11.x
---------------------------

      HPUX   hppa  ia64
  64- (.. +DD64)  HP-UX 11.0, 11.11,  11.23.  
    ,         
 ,     64- .
     32-   
        .
      64- ,   
    /usr/include/inttypes.h.  
        
64- .         :

--- /usr/include/inttypes.h.orig	Thu May 30 01:00:00 1996
+++ /usr/include/inttypes.h	Sun Mar 23 00:20:36 2003
@@ -489 +489 @@
-#ifndef __STDC_32_MODE__
+#ifndef __LP64__


***********************
   root:
-----------------------

     root, ,     
  /    -root ,  
 `nobody'.       
ޣ ,  ţ    NON_ROOT_USERNAME. 
    ,      ,
 `nobody'   ,     
             
 .       
 ,       
      :

  sudo env NON_ROOT_USERNAME=$USER make -k check

    root, ,    
    .      , 
  ,      
 .


*********************
  :
---------------------

:          ,
,    `make check'      
 .  ,    - /mv/hard-link-1,  
  :

  env VERBOSE=yes make check -C tests/mv TESTS=hard-link-1 >> log 2>&1

         ,  
    DEBUG=yes:

  env DEBUG=yes VERBOSE=yes make check -C tests/mv TESTS=hard-link-1 >> log 2>&1

     `log'     .

***************************************

    ,    ,  
 .     .

   ,      ,  
    -   ,   . 
 ,     ,     
.             
, ,  .      
   ChangeLog,   
(diff -u )     (, ݣ ,   
    CVS),      
 ,  ( )     . 
,         
  ,   .     
    CVS:

  http://savannah.gnu.org/cvs/?group=coreutils


     ,   
   - ,     
.       -    :
bug-coreutils@gnu.org,    ,    
.      ,   ,
     ,     .


:      configure.in, m4/*.m4, aclocal.m4,
 Makefile.am,   ,     . 
     automake  autoconf.  
,    "" 

  *  autoconf   AC_PREREQ  m4/jm-macros.m4
  *  automake   AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE  configure.ac

      ,  .

 ,   `test'   `--version'.
   , ,     
/    ,     
.

 ,        
     ,  
  GNU, http://www.gnu.org/prep/standards_toc.html.

           
  ,      --help.

   russians <pawel5@mail.ru> 2007